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Les pagodes à 5 étages invulnérables aux tremblements de terre ? Quel est le secret de leur invulnérabilité ?

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Michael_Voyageur
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MessagePosté le: 10 Jan 2004 00:12    Sujet du message: Les pagodes à 5 étages invulnérables aux tremblements de terre ? Quel est le secret de leur invulnérabilité ?

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Les pagodes à 5 étages invulnérables aux tremblements de terre ?

D'apres les etudes de specialistes de l'université de Tokyo, aucune des pagodes à 5 etages construites avant l'ere d'Edo ne s'est jamais ecroulée des suite d'un tremblement de terre, meme si quelques unes ont subit de leger dommages.

Les scientifiques entreprennent d'etudier le secret de ces architectures traditionelles en bois qui defient depuis des siecles la puissance destructrice des tremblement de terres tres frequents aux Japon

Source : Mainichi Shinbun



Temple d'Ikegami Honmonji à Tokyo

5-story pagodas stand up under earthquakes

A Tokyo lecturer's survey of five-story pagodas built before the Edo Period (1603-1867) has found that none of them have ever toppled over in an earthquake.

Kaori Fujita, an architecture lecturer at Tokyo Metropolitan University, found in the survey that while some pagodas had been slightly damaged in earthquakes or been tilted, none had actually completely fallen over.

Fujita and others have installed seismometers in a five-story pagoda in Tsu that was built in 2001 using traditional methods, to investigate the reasons why the traditional structures have been able to endure temblors.

Five story pagodas have been mentioned among experts in the past as being able to withstand earthquakes. Among the reasons speculated for their strength are that the pillars are divided on each of the floors and that their short, fat shape makes it harder for them to fall over.

The central pillar of the tower that sways and absorbs energy has also been cited as a possible reason for their resilience, along with the possibility that none of the towers standing have experienced a major earthquake before.

Since Fujita found no studies on the damage pagodas had suffered in quakes, she conducted her own investigation, examining five-story pagodas in 22 places. She found that 12 of the towers had detailed repair reports and that they had been subjected to earthquakes with an estimated intensity of 6 or more on the Japanese scale a total of 16 times.

Damage suffered in earthquakes at seven of the pagodas was reported, and while there were cases in which the pagodas tilted or had their decorative tops damaged, there was no record of any tower ever having collapsed.

For example the Ikegami Honmonji Temple in Ota-ku, Tokyo, was recorded as having tilted in an earthquake in 1614 and in the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923, but it never collapsed.

In the Ansei Edo earthquake of 1855, which caused large-scale damage in Edo, several buildings in the compound were damaged but there was no record of damage to the five-story pagoda.

Fujita and others are continuing to monitor seismometers placed on the first, third and fourth floors of the Tsu pagoda. There is no existing data on how five-story pagodas rock when they are hit by an earthquake, and the researchers hope the seismometers will provide a key to unlocking the mystery of their durability.

"It is hard to imagine that such a large number (of pagodas) have not fallen over just because they have not been in an earthquake," Fujita said. "Five-story pagodas are a great example of old wooden architecture, and by investigating why they don't fall over, I want to clarify in detail how these traditional forms of architecture are constructed."
(Mainichi Shimbun, Japan, Jan. 8, 2004)
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